Again, once the question of where the water goes after the sea is asked, only two options remain, mysterious disapearence/sinkhole would seem far-fetched, and this water does come out of the sky, ah well.. They could see water evaporate in small ponds and containers and such too.
That it was not in any writing that we found, does not mean they never thought about it.
The conditions for life just has to pass by, and once life somehow appears, the life evolves to fit the conditions.(and likely not many other cases it does not encounter, although it might have luck about it) On our planet life has affected conditions a lot though, and you were referring to some conditions which were resulted.
Your jubilation about our atmosphere is a bit exaggerated, i can not even breathe underwater, and how cool that would be! Bastardish god!
No that had another name(i forgot). It could have been a single event somewhere, is it that bad that we do not know how it happened? I am pretty sure that it did happen, because it was certainly not pulled out of gods magic hat. No inconsistent behavior of physics.
Well, if god created life, he decides something and pulls life out of his magic hat. That, while all our own lives he does nothing. Also, billions of galaxies billions of stars dozens of significant planets and moons on each, and god meddles with the tiny surface of our planet, that is silly about it.
About the flocks and fish, i was referring to emergent behavior, as evolution is emergent behavior too. Not sure what to say more about that.

About infinity of the universe, we can only see as far as the particles have traveled towards us. The farther we look the farther we look back in time.
We could in principle see finiteness of space. Assuming space is similar everywhere, curvature of space being positive suggests a finite space. Also, if we see things twice, space could be connected to itself similar to those civilization game maps. (connect back to itself)

Ok, what is your type?